Digital Challenges and Technological Advancements in the Nigerian Built Environment: An Exploratory Review

Abstract

The Nigerian built environment, comprising the construction and heavy engineering sectors, plays a critical role in national economic growth and infrastructure delivery. However, despite global advancements in digital construction technologies, Nigeria continues to experience significant barriers to digital transformation. This study adopts an exploratory review approach to examine the digital challenges and technological advancements influencing the Nigerian built environment. Drawing on recent literature (2016–2025) and sectoral policy reports, the study identifies major barriers including infrastructure deficiencies, digital skill gaps, financial constraints, regulatory uncertainties, and data governance concerns. It further evaluates emerging technologies such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), Digital Twins, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, and Big Data analytics, highlighting their transformative potential alongside contextual adoption limitations. The study also examines national policy initiatives such as the 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme aimed at bridging digital workforce gaps. Findings reveal a widening digital divide between professionals and non-professionals, as well as structural barriers limiting inclusive technological uptake. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for policymakers, educational institutions, and industry stakeholders to accelerate sustainable and inclusive digital transformation in Nigeria’s built environment.